The stages of the energetic supply chain – i.e., production, conversion, transport, and the consumption of various inputs –, contribute as a significant portion of the emission of greenhouse effect gases – 60 to 65%. Even with the efforts towards efficient usage of energy and the development of the so called renewable energy sources – still modest, but continuous - the tendency is that this importance be maintained. Significant reductions in the emissions of greenhouse effect gases associated to energy usage without sacrificing the quality of live of the world's population will require great effort towards the diversification of the energy matrix, and a change in usage patterns. This is a fantastic challenge; but – as it seems – it is also the only alternative.